Calculation methodology
Equations, input boundaries and verification scope.
Measurement boundary
Battery energy, grid energy and energy delivered to loads differ. Charging cost includes efficiency. EV-versus-fuel uses grid consumption. Trip cost prices battery energy before charging losses. Every calculator states its equation and limits.
Units and inputs
Enter 90 for 90%, not 0.90. Kilometres and miles convert together with consumption and input bounds. Currency selection changes formatting, not exchange rates. Empty, non-finite and out-of-range numbers are rejected.
Vehicle data
Only individually source-backed fields are filled. If usable capacity is not established, enter it manually for your exact vehicle. Gross pack labels are not usable energy. Saved inputs are your own editable assumptions.
Deliberate assumptions
Available energy per later leg = usable capacity × (stop charge target − arrival reserve) / 100. Stop count uses your chosen charging window; it does not locate stations or predict queues. Charger time uses 90% efficiency. Backup sizing also shows an illustrative 15% margin. Solar battery sizing uses round-trip efficiency as a conservative divisor. Payback is undiscounted; annual appliance use repeats twelve identical months.
Verification limits
Each of the 16 calculators has three fixed hypothetical scenarios checked against its actual formula. Input restoration, shared links, units and consent-code states are tested separately. Automated checks do not certify equipment or constitute an independent engineering review.